( opil)

- opiłki żelaza/metalowe iron/metal filings

[from ot-, ogi (bread) + bil (round)] iz.

1. Sukal.

a. roll, muffin, bun

b. (esa.) nork bere \opilari su every man for himself | every man looks out for number one

2. ( dolarea) winepress

3. ( ateari d.) hinge

iz.

1. corn (USA), maize (GB) ; \artoa {jo || eho} to grind corn; \arto goiztiar early corn

2. Arkaismoa. ( artatxiki) millet

a. ( opil) corncake; \arto bero usaina du it smells like hot corncake

b. (irud.) \arto bero usaina hartzen du he' s full of himself; harrokeriarik eta \arto usainik gabe without arrogance or self-importance; \arto bero usaina zegok hemen somebody' s blowing his trumpet here

iz. dozen; \dozena bat tomate a dozen tomatoes; bost bat \dozena opil about five dozen rolls

rŭdis, e, adj. [cf. crudus], unwrought, untilled, unformed, unused, rough, raw, wild (cf. crudus): omnis fere materia non deformata, rudis appellatur, sicut vestimentum rude, non perpolitum: sic aes infectum rudusculum, Cincius ap. Fest. p. 265 Müll. (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. signif.).

Lit.:

terra (opp. restibilis),

Varr. R. R. 1, 44, 2; so,

terra,

id. ib. 1, 27, 2:

ager,

Col. 3, 11, 1:

campus,

Verg. G. 2, 211:

humus,

Ov. M. 5, 646:

rudis atque infecta materies,

Petr. 114, 13; cf.:

rudis indigestaque moles (Chaos),

Ov. M. 1, 7:

marmor,

Quint. 2, 19, 3:

saxum,

id. 9, 4, 27; cf.:

signa (de marmore coepto),

Ov. M. 1, 406:

aes (opp. signatum),

Plin. 33, 3, 13:

hasta,

rudely finished, ill-made, Verg. A. 9, 743; cf.:

novacula (with retusa),

Petr. 94, 14:

circumjectus parietum,

Plin. 11, 51, 112, § 270:

caementum,

Tac. Or. 20 (with informes tegulae):

lana,

Ov. M. 6, 19:

textum,

rough, coarse, id. ib. 8, 640; so,

vestis,

id. F. 4, 659:

herba,

wild, Mart. 2, 90, 8: cf.

uva,

unripe, green, hard, id. 13, 68.— Neutr. plur. as subst.: detrahit doctrina aliquid, ut lima rudibus et cotes hebetibus, Quint. 2, 12, 8. —

Poet., transf., young, new (cf. integer):

illa (carina, sc. Argo) rudem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten,

untried, not yet sailed on, Cat. 64, 11;

hence, also, Argo,

Luc. 3, 193:

agna,

Mart. 9, 71, 6:

filia,

id. 7, 95, 8:

dextram cruore regio imbuit,

Sen. Troad. 217:

pannas,

new, Vulg. Matt. 9, 16. —

Trop., rude, unpolished, uncultivated, unskilled, awkward, clumsy, ignorant; hence (like ignarus), with gen., unacquainted with, inexperienced in, etc. (cf. imperitus).

Absol.:

consilium,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; cf.:

forma ingenii impolita et plane rudis,

Cic. Brut. 85, 294:

incohata ac rudia,

id. de Or. 1, 2, 5:

quae rudia atque imperfecta adhuc erant,

Quint. 3, 1, 7:

rudia et incomposita,

id. 9, 4, 17:

vox surda, rudis, immanis, dura, etc.,

id. 11, 3, 32:

modulatio,

id. 1, 10, 16; cf.:

modus (tibicinis),

Ov. A. A. 1, 111:

rude et Graecis intactum carmen,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 66:

stilus (with confusus),

Quint. 1, 1, 28; 12, 10, 3:

animi,

id. 1, 10, 9 (with agrestes);

1, 1, 36: adhuc ingenia,

id. 1, 2, 27; cf.

ingenium,

Hor. A. P. 410:

rudis fuit vita priscorum et sine litteris,

Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 284:

saeculum,

Quint. 2, 5, 23; 12, 11, 23; Tac. H. 1, 86:

anni,

i. e. young, early, Quint. 1, 1, 5; Tac. A. 13, 16 fin.; cf.:

adhuc aetas,

id. ib. 4, 8:

rudem me et integrum discipulum accipe et ea, quae requiro, doce,

Cic. N. D. 3, 3, 7; Quint. 2, 3, 3; 3, 6, 83:

Aeschylus rudis in plerisque et incompositus,

id. 10, 1, 66:

tam eram rudis? tam ignarus rerum? etc.,

Cic. Sest. 21, 47; so (with ignarus) Quint. 1, 8, 4:

rudis ac stultus,

id. 11, 3, 76:

illi rudes homines primique,

id. 8, 3, 36; 10, 2, 5:

illi rudes ac bellicosi,

id. 1, 10, 20:

nescit equo rudis Haerere ingenuus puer,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 54.—

With in and abl.:

cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, alii in disserendo rudes,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

(oratorem) nullā in re tironem ac rudem esse debere,

id. de Or. 1, 50, 218; (with hebes) id. ib. 1, 58, 248:

rudis in re publicā,

id. Phil. 6, 6, 17:

in causā,

id. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

in jure civili,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 40:

in minoribus navigiis,

id. ib. 1, 38, 174:

omnino in nostris poëtis,

id. Fin. 1, 2, 5:

sermo nullā in re,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32.—With simple abl. (very rare):

Ennius ingenio maximus, arte rudis,

Ov. Tr. 2, 424:

arte,

Stat. Th. 6, 437:

studiis,

Vell. 2, 73, 1.—

With gen.:

imperiti homines rerum omnium rudes ignarique,

Cic. Fl. 7, 16:

dicat se non imperitum foederis, non rudem exemplorum, non ignarum belli fuisse,

id. Balb. 20, 47:

provinciae rudis,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17:

Graecarum litterarum,

id. Off. 1, 1, 1; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1:

rei militaris,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

harum rerum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 87:

artium,

Liv. 1, 7:

bonarum artium,

Tac. A. 1, 3:

facinorum,

id. ib. 12, 51:

agminum,

Hor. C. 3, 2, 9:

civilis belli,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 47; cf.:

bellorum (elephanti),

Flor. 4, 2, 67:

operum conjugiique,

Ov. F. 4, 336:

somni,

i. e. sleepless, id. M. 7, 213:

dicendi,

Tac. A. 1, 29.—

With ad (very rare):

rudem ad pedestria bella Numidarum gentem esse,

Liv. 24, 48, 5:

ad quae (spectacula) rudes tum Romani erant,

id. 45, 32, 10; 10, 22, 6; 21, 25, 6:

ad partus,

Ov. H. 11, 48:

ad mala,

id. P. 3, 7, 18:

rudes adhuc ad resistendum populos,

Just. 1, 1, 5:

rudis natio ad voluptates,

Curt. 6, 21, 9; 8, 8, 24.—

With dat. (very rare):

fontes rudes puellis,

i. e. strange, Mart. 6, 42, 4.—

With inf.:

nec ferre rudis medicamina,

Sil. 6, 90:

Martem rudis versare,

id. 8, 262.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.

rŭdis, is, f. ( abl. sing. rudi, Capitol. Opil. Macr. 4, 5), a slender stick or rod.

To stir with in cooking; a stirring-stick, spatula:

versato crebro duabus rudibus,

Cato, R. R. 79; so,

ferreae,

Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 170; cf. rudicula.—

A staff used by soldiers and gladiators in their exercises (perh. a wooden sword), answering to a quarter-staff, a foil (freq. and class.):

(milites) rudibus inter se in modum justae pugnae concurrerunt,

Liv. 26, 51; 40, 6 and 9 Drak. N. cr. (al. sudibus); Ov. Am. 2, 9, 22; id. A. A. 3, 515:

rudibus batuere,

Suet. Calig. 32.—Hence, transf.: PRIMA or SVMMA RVDIS (also in one word, SVMMARVDIS), the first or head fencer, the fencing-master, Inscr. Orell. 2575; 2584: SECVNDA RVDIS, the second fencer, the fencing-master ' s assistant, ib. 2573 sq.—A gladiator received such a rudis when honorably discharged (whence he was called rudiarius):

tam bonus gladiator rudem tam cito accepisti?

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 74:

acceptā rude,

Juv. 6, 113:

essedario rudem indulgere,

Suet. Claud. 21.—And hence transf. to other persons who receive an honorable discharge:

tardā vires minuente senectā, Me quoque donari jam rude tempus erat,

i. e. to dismiss, discharge, Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 24; id. Am. 2, 9, 22; cf.:

spectatum satis et donatum jam rude,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 2 (v. Orell. ad h. l.):

ergo sibi dabit ipse rudem,

Juv. 7, 171; Mart. 3, 36, 10.